中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (30): 4812-4817.doi: 10.12307/2021.266

• 骨与关节图像与影像Bone and joint imaging • 上一篇    下一篇

儿童青少年与成人前交叉韧带在MRI上的解剖学特征差异

钟锐鑫1,高海燕2,黄浩然2,滕学仁3,戴世友3   

  1. 1青岛市即墨区人民医院,山东省青岛市   266200;2山东第一医科大学附属青岛医院,山东省青岛市   266041;3青岛市市立医院东院区骨关节与运动医学科,山东省青岛市   266000
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-08 修回日期:2021-01-16 接受日期:2021-02-10 出版日期:2021-10-28 发布日期:2021-07-29
  • 通讯作者: 戴世友,硕士,青岛市市立医院东院区骨关节与运动医学科,山东省青岛市 266000
  • 作者简介:钟锐鑫,男,1993年生,山东省青岛市人,汉族,2019年青岛大学毕业,硕士,主要从事骨与关节损伤方面的研究
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然青年科学基金项目(81802154),课题名称:不同锁定结构的力学属性对肱骨干骨折愈合机制的影响,项目参与人:戴世友

Anatomical features of anterior cruciate ligament on MRI in children, adolescents and adults

Zhong Ruixin1, Gao Haiyan2, Huang Haoran2, Teng Xueren3, Dai Shiyou3   

  1. 1Jimo District People’s Hospital, Qingdao 266200, Shandong Province, China; 2Qingdao Hospital Affiliated to Shandong first Medical University, Qingdao 266041, Shandong Province, China; 3Department of Bone and Joint and Sports Medicine, East District of Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2021-01-08 Revised:2021-01-16 Accepted:2021-02-10 Online:2021-10-28 Published:2021-07-29
  • Contact: Dai Shiyou, Master, Department of Bone and Joint and Sports Medicine, East District of Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Zhong Ruixin, Master, Jimo District People’s Hospital, Qingdao 266200, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Youth Science Foundation of China, No. 81802154 (to DSY)

摘要:

文题释义:
前交叉韧带:又称前十字韧带,位于膝关节内,起自股骨外侧髁的内侧面,斜向前下方,止于胫骨髁间隆起的前部和内、外侧半月板的前角,连接股骨与胫骨,主要作用是限制胫骨向前过度移位,它与膝关节内其他结构共同作用,来维持膝关节的稳定性,使人体能完成各种复杂和高难度的下肢动作。
前交叉韧带重建:即在关节镜微创手术操作下,通过定位制作胫骨、股骨骨道,将自体肌腱移植入骨道并固定的一种手术方式,此手术创伤小、恢复快、并发症少,但因年龄、性别等的不同,重建也具有个体差异性。
背景:儿童和青少年处于生长发育阶段,采用与成人相同的前交叉韧带重建方式,易诱发包括肢体长度差异、移植物失败率高需再次外科手术介入等并发症,同时骨关节炎的发生也会提前。
目的:探讨儿童、青少年与成人前交叉韧带在膝关节MRI上的解剖学特征差异,为儿童和青少年前交叉韧带的重建提供解剖学基础。
方法:回顾性分析2016年10月至2018年10月在青岛市市立医院行膝关节MRI检查的受试者,分为儿童青少年组和成人组,两组各入组48例。分别测量两组受试者前交叉韧带在矢状面上与胫骨及股骨的夹角及前交叉韧带胫骨止点的位置,冠状面上前交叉韧带与胫骨的夹角及前交叉韧带胫骨止点、股骨止点的位置,以及轴位上股骨止点的位置。并且对儿童、青少年前交叉韧带测量所得数据进行处理,绘制儿童、青少年前交叉韧带形态及位置的生长曲线,分析其生长变化规律。
结果与结论:①儿童青少年组的前交叉韧带矢状面与股骨夹角(t=-2.906,P < 0.05)、前交叉韧带矢状面与胫骨的夹角(t=-10.280,P < 0.05)、前交叉韧带冠状面与胫骨的夹角(t=-5.714,P < 0.05)均小于成人组,差异有显著性意义;②儿童青少年组前交叉韧带胫骨冠状面比值(t=-7.263,P < 0.05)、前交叉韧带股骨轴位面比值(t=-7.378,P < 0.05)均小于成人组,差异有显著性意义;③儿童青少年组前交叉韧带胫骨矢状面比值(t=-1.588,P > 0.05)、前交叉韧带股骨冠状面比值(t=-1.647,P > 0.05)与成人组比较差异无显著性意义;④生长曲线结果显示,在生长发育过程中,儿童青少年组前交叉韧带在矢状面上与股骨和胫骨的夹角及在冠状面上与胫骨的夹角由小变大(P < 0.05);胫骨止点在冠状位上的相对位置由小变大,提示在生长发育过程中,胫骨止点在冠状面上相对胫骨平台内侧来说由内向外移动(P < 0.05);⑤股骨止点在轴位上的相对位置由小变大,提示在生长发育过程中,股骨止点在轴位上相对于股骨外侧髁来说是由外向内移动的(P < 0.05);⑥矢状面上胫骨止点和冠状面上股骨止点儿童青少年组与成人组无明显差异(P﹥0.05)。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7740-6178 (钟锐鑫) ;https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1610-5419 (戴世友) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 儿童, 青少年, 成人, 前交叉韧带, MRI, 解剖学

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Children and adolescents are in the growth and development stage, so the use of the same reconstruction methods as adults is easy to induce complications including limb length differences, high graft failure rate and re-surgical intervention. Simultaneously, the occurrence of osteoarthritis will also be advanced.  
OBJECTIVE: To explore the anatomical characteristics of the anterior cruciate ligament between children, adolescents and adults on MRI, and to provide an anatomical basis for the reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament in children and adolescents.
METHODS:  A retrospective analysis of patients undergoing knee MRI examination in Qingdao Municipal Hospital from October 2016 to October 2018 was conducted. These patients were divided into child and adolescent group and adult group (n=48 per group). The angle between the anterior cruciate ligament and the tibia and femur on the sagittal plane and the position of the anterior cruciate ligament tibial insertion, the angle between the anterior cruciate ligament and the tibia on the coronal plane, the tibial insertion of the anterior cruciate ligament and femur, and the position of the femur stop point on the axial position were measured in both groups. The data obtained from the measurement of the anterior cruciate ligament of children and adolescents were processed. The growth curves of the shape and position of the anterior cruciate ligament of children and adolescents were drawn, and the law of its growth changes was analyzed.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The angle between the sagittal plane of the anterior cruciate ligament and the femur (t=-2.906, P < 0.05), the angle between the sagittal plane of the anterior cruciate ligament and the tibia (t=-10.280, P < 0.05), the anterior cruciate ligament angle between the coronal plane and the tibia (t=-5.714, P < 0.05) were smaller in the child and adolescent group than those of the adult group, and the difference was significant. (2) The ratio of the tibia coronal plane of the anterior cruciate ligament (t=-7.263, P < 0.05) and the ratio of the anterior cruciate ligament and femur axial plane (t=-7.378, P < 0.05) were lower in the child and adolescent group than those of the adult group, and the difference was significant. (3) There was no significant difference in the anterior cruciate ligament and tibia sagittal plane ratio (t=-1.588, P > 0.05) and anterior cruciate ligament and femoral coronal surface ratio (t=-1.647, P > 0.05) between the child and adolescent group and the adult group. (4) The growth curve results showed that during the growth and development, the angle between the anterior cruciate ligament and the femur and tibia on the sagittal plane and the angle with the tibia on the coronal plane changed from small to large (P < 0.05). The relative position of the tibial insertion in the coronal position changed from small to large, which indicates that during the growth and development, the tibial insertion moved from inside to outside relative to the inside of the tibial plateau on the coronal plane (P < 0.05). (5) The relative position of femoral insertion in the axial position changed from small to large, suggesting that during the growth and development, the femoral insertion moved from the outside to the inside relative to the lateral femoral condyle (P < 0.05). (6) There was no significant difference in the tibial insertion and the femoral insertion between the child and adolescent group and adult group (P > 0.05).

Key words: children, adolescents, adults, anterior cruciate ligament, MRI, anatomy

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